Тести з Англійської мови

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1)1 am an old lawyer, and I have three men working for me. My business continued to grow and so I decided to get one more man to help write law documents.

2) I have met a great many people in my days, but the man who answered my advertisement was the strangest person I ever met or heard of.

3) He stood outside my office and waited for me to speak. He was a small man, quiet, and dressed in a clean but old suit of clothes. I asked him his name. It was Bartleby. After a few more questions, I told him he could work for me.

4) At first Bartleby almost worked himself too hard writing the legal papers 1 gave him. He worked through the day by sunlight and into the night by candlelight.

5) I was happy with his work, but not happy with the way he worked. He was too quiet. Had he been happy and cheerful, I would have liked him much better. But he worked well — like a machine, never looking or speaking.

6) One day I asked Bartleby to come to my office to study a legal paper with me. Without moving from his chair, Bartleby said, «I do not want to.»

7) 1 sat for a short time, too surprised to move. Then I became excited. «You do not want to. What do you mean? Are you sick? I want you to help me with this paper!» «I do not want to.»

8 ) His face was calm. His eyes showed no emotion. He was not angry. This is strange, I thought. What should I do? But the telephone rang, and I forgot the problem for the time being.

9) A few days later, four long documents came into the office. .They needed careful study, and I decided to give one document to each of my men. I called, and all came to my office. But not Bartleby. «Bartleby, quick, I am waiting.»

10) He came and stood in front of me for a moment. «I don’t want to, » he said, then turned and went back to his desk. I was so surprised that I could not move. I looked at the others, but found no words to speak. There was something about Bartleby that froze me, yet, at the same time, made me feel sorry for him.

#1.(…) How many assistants were there in the office at first?

#2. (…) Was Bartleby’s chief pleased with his work?

#3. (.. .) Why was the old lawyer speechless one day?

#4. (…) What was suspiciously unusual about Bartleby’s appearance?

#5. (…) How did Bartleby react to the lawyer’s request to enter his office?

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1) As time passed, I saw that Bartleby never went out to eat dinner. Indeed, he never went anywhere. At eleven o’clock each morning, one of the men would bring Bartleby some ginger cakes.

2)»Umm. He lives on them,» I thought. «Poor fellow! He is a hard worker and does not mean to hurt me in anyway. He is a little foolish at times, but he is useful to me.» . ,..»

3) «Bartleby,» I said one afternoon. «Please go to the post office and bring my mail.» «I do not want to.»

4) I walked back to my office too shocked to think. Let’s see. The problem here is: one of my workers named Bartleby will not do some of the things I ask him to do.

5) He will not check his own work and he will not do the little jobs. One important thing about him though is, he is always in his office.

6) One Sunday I walked to my office to do some work. When I placed the key in the door, I couldn’t open it. I stood a little surprised, then called, thinking someone might be inside.

7) There was — Bartleby. He came from his office and told me he did not want to let me in.

8 ) The idea of Bartleby living in my law office had such a strange effect on me, I slunk away much like a dog does when it has been shouted at, with its tail between its legs.

9) Was anything wrong? I did not for a moment believe Bartleby would keep a woman in my office. But for some time he must have eaten, dressed, and slept there.

10) How lonely and friendless Bartleby must be! I decided to help him. The next morning I called him to my office.

#1. (…) What was the most significant feature of Bartleby’s work in the lawyer’s office?

#2. (…) Where did he go out to his lunch or dinner?

#3. (…) He would too eagerly do anything the lawyer asked him to do, wouldn’t he?

#4. (…) What impression did Bartleby’s living in the law office produce on the owner?

#5. (…) Was the old lawyer a sympathetic and understanding man?

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1) Mr. Mindon returned home for lunch. His wife Millicent was not at home. The servants did not know where she was. Mr. Mindon sat alone at the table in the garden. He ate a small piece of meat and drank some mineral water.

2) Mr. Mindon always ate simple meals because he had problems with his stomach. Why then did he keep a cook among his servants? Because his wife, Millicent, liked to invite her friends to big dinners and serve them rare and expensive food and wine.

3) Mr. Mindon did not enjoy his wife’s parties. Millicent complained that he did not know how to enjoy life. She did a lot of things that he did not like. Millicent wasted Mr. Mindon’s money and was unpleasant to him. But he never got angry with his wife.

4) After eating, Mr. Mindon took a walk through his house. He did not stay long in the living room. It reminded him of all the hours he had spent there at his wife’s parties.

5) The sight of the formal dining room made him feel even more uncomfortable. He remembered the long dinners where he had to talk to his wife’s friends for hours. They never seemed very interested in what he was saying.

6) Mr. Mindon walked quickly past the ballroom where his wife danced with her friends. He would go to bed after dinner, but he could hear the orchestra playing until three in the morning.

7) Mr. Mindon walked into the library. No one in the house ever read any of the books. But Mr, Mindon was proud to be rich enough to have a perfectly useless room in his house.

8 ) He went into the sunny little room where his wife planned her busy days and evenings. Her writing table was covered with notes and cards from all her friends. Her wastepaper basket was full of empty envelopes that had carried invitations to lunches, dinners, and theatre parties.

9) Mr. Mindon saw a letter crushed into a small ball on the floor. He bent to pick it up. Just as he was about to throw it into the wastepaper basket, he noticed that the letter was signed by his business partner, Thomas Antrim.

10) But Antrim’s letter to Mr. Mindon’s wife was not about business. As Mr. Mindon read it, he felt as if his mind was spinning out of control. He sat down heavily in the chair near his wife’s little writing table.

#1.(…) What memories did Mr.Mindon’s living room bring back to them?

#2. (…) Why was he under such a strong impression of his business partner’s letter?

#3. (…) What did the owner of the house take particular pride in?

#4. (…) Mr. Mindon’s passion for dancing knew no bounds, didn’t it?

#5. (…) Did the look of his dining room make him feel happy?

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1) Now the room looked cold and unfamiliar. «Who are you?» the walls seemed to say. «Who am I?» Mr. Mindon said in a loud voice.

2) » I’ll tell you who I am! 1 am the man who paid for every piece of furniture in this room. If it were not for me and my money, this room would be empty!»

3) Suddenly, Mr. Mindon felt taller. He marched across his wife’s room. It belonged to him, didn’t it? The house belonged to him, too. He felt powerful. He sat at the table and wrote a letter to Millicent.

4) One of the servants came into the room. «Did you call, sir?» he asked.

5) «No,» Mr. Mindon replied, «but since you are here, please telephone for a taxi cab at once.» The taxi took him to a hotel near his bank. A clerk showed him to his room. It smelled of cheap soap. The window in the room was open and hot noises came up from the street.

6) Mr. Mindon looked at his watch. Four o’clock. He wondered if Mil-licent had come home yet and read his letter. His head began to ache and he lay down on the bed.

7) When he woke up, it was dark. He looked at his watch. Eight o’clock. Millicent must be dressing for dinner. They were supposed to go to Mrs. Targe’s house for dinner tonight.

8 ) Well, Mr. Mindon thought, Millicent would have to go alone. Maybe she would ask Thomas Antrim to take her to the party!

9) Mr. Mindon realized he was hungry. He left his room and walked down the stairs to the hotel dining room. The air, smelling of coffee and fried food, wrapped itself around his head.

10) Mr. Mindon could not eat much of the food that the hotel waiter brought him. He went back to his room, feeling sick. He also felt hot and dirty in the clothing he had worn all day. He had never realized how much he loved his home!

#1. (…) Where did Mr. Mindon work?

#2. (…) Did he feel fine or sick after leaving home?

#3. (…) What realization came upon him in the end?

#4. (…) What were their plans for that evening?

#5. (…) Did he leave any message for his wife?

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1) The long cold winter was gone at last. At first the cold nights went away slowly, then suddenly the warm days of spring started to come.

2) There was new life again in the earth, and things started to grow and ] come up. For the first time green corn plants began to show — they pushed through the soil and could now be seen above the ground.

3) After the long winter months the crows, the big black birds, were hungry. And when they saw the little green plants, they flew down to eat them.

4) Old Mother Rigby tried to make the noisy and hungry birds go away. They made her very angry. She did not want the black birds to eat her corn. She wanted it to grow so that she herself could eat the corn.

5) But the birds would not go away, so early one morning just as the sun started to rise, Mother Rigby jumped out of bed. She had a plan to stop those black birds from eating her corn.

6) Mother Rigby could do anything — she was a witch, a woman with 1 strange powers. She could make water run uphill, or change a beautiful woman into a white horse.

7) Many nights when the moon was full and bright, she could be seen I flying over the tops of the houses in the village, sitting on a long wooden stick. It was a broomstick and it helped her to do all sorts of strange tricks.

8 ) Mother Rigby ate a quick breakfast, and then started to work on her 1 broomstick. She was planning to make something that would look like a man. It would fill the birds with fear and scare them from eating her com — the way most farmers protect themselves from those black birds.

9) Mother Rigby worked quickly. She held her magic broomstick straight, and then tied another piece of wood across it, and already it began to look like a man with arms. Then she made the head; she put a pumpkin, a vegetable the size of a football, on top of the broomstick. She made two small holes in the pumpkin for eyes and made another cut lower down that looked just like a mouth.

10) At last, there he was! He seemed ready to go to work for Mother Rigby and stop those old birds from eating her corn. But Mother Rigby was not happy with what she made. She wanted to make her scarecrow look better and better, for she was a good worker. She made a purple coat and put it around her scarecrow, and dressed him in white silk stockings. She covered him with false hair and an old hat, and in that hat she stuck the feather of a bird. She examined him closely and decided she liked him much better now dressed up in a beautiful coat with a fine feather on top of his hat. And she named him «Feathertop.»

#1.(…) Why did Old Mother Rigby try to make the big black birds fly away?

#2. (…) What was magically unusual about Mother Rigby?

#3. (…) Could she be seen on dark violent nights?

#4. (…) What did she make her Feathertop from?

#5. (…) Why did Mother Rigby work so well at her scarecrow?

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1) Mother Rigby gave Feathertop much money, and said, «Now you are as good as any of them, and can hold your head high with importance.»

2) But she told Feathertop that he must never lose his pipe and must never let it stop smoking. She warned him that if his pipe ever stopped smoking, he would fall down and become just a bundle of sticks again.

3) «Have no fear, Mother,» Feathertop said in a big voice and blew a big cloud of smoke out of his mouth.

4) «On your way,» Mother Rigby said, pushing Feathertop out the door. «The world is yours. And if anybody asks you for your name, just say Feathertop. For you have a feather in your hat and a handful of feathers in your empty head.»

5) Feathertop found the streets empty, but later he walked along one of the busy streets in town, and many people started to look at him.

6) They looked at his beautiful purple coat and his white silk stockings, and at the pipe he carried in his left hand, which he put back into his mouth every five steps he walked. They thought he was a visitor of great importance.

7) «What a fine, noble face!» one man said. «He surety is somebody,» said another. «A great leader of men.»

8 ) As Feathertop walked along one of the quieter streets near the edge of the town, he saw a very pretty girl standing in front of a small redbrick house. A little boy was standing next to her.

9) The pretty girl smiled at Feathertop, and love entered her heart. It made her whole face bright with sunlight.

10) Feathertop looked at her and had a feeling he had never known before. Suddenly everything seemed a little different to him. The air was filled with a strange excitement. The sunlight glowed along the road, and people seemed to dance as they moved through the streets.

#1.(…) Did Mother Rigby’s Feathertop have to give up smoking?

#2. (…) What impression did he manage to make on the people in the town streets due to his appearance and clothing?

#3. (…) When did the world seem to become completely new and strange for him?

#4. (…) What did the people in the town conclude about his face?

#5. (…) Why could Feathertop go around full of pride?

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l)The story of the Welsh people is one of determined resistance to invaders — the Romans, Saxons, Vikings, Normans and finally the English.

2) After the fall of the Roman Empire in 410 AD, the barbarian Anglo-Saxons invaded Britain. Legendary kings and princes, like King Arthur, won important victories against the Saxons, but gradually these original ‘Britons’ were pushed west, into the hills and mountains of Wales.

3) Welsh princes fought hard against the English, but Wales was finally conquered. In 1301 Edward I gave his son the title of Prince of Wales and in 1536 Wales was united with England.

4) Despite the conquest, Wales has maintained its unique culture and strong national identity, particularly through its language. Welsh, a Celtic language, very different from English, is one of the oldest languages in Europe.

5) However, in the nineteenth century and first half of the twentieth century, the Welsh language declined. The British government made English the official language and English was the only language allowed in schools. The number of Welsh speakers went down from 80% to under 20% of the population.

6) Since the 1960s, though, there has been a revival of the Welsh language. Welsh is also an official language, it is taught in schools and there is a Welsh language TV channel.

7) A tradition of storytelling, poetry and singing began in the castles of the Welsh princes in the Middle Ages and continues today. Every year ‘eisteddfods’ are held around the country. An «eisteddfod» is a meeting of poets and singers who take part in competitions.

8 ) As well as literature in the Welsh language, Wales has produced important poets in English such as Dylan Thomas and R.S. Thomas. Famous actors include Richard Burton, Sir Anthony Hopkins and Catherine Zeta-Jones. Wales is a musical nation and choirs are important. Nowadays, when the national rugby team plays in Cardiff, 80,000 voices can be heard singing the Welsh hymn ‘Bread of Heaven’.

9) The flag of Wales, with its red dragon, is one of the oldest in the world. It was brought to Britain by the Romans. The patron saint of Wales is St. David. St David converted Wales to Christianity and established the Welsh church.

10) The leek is another symbol of Wales. According to legend, St David ordered his soldiers to wear them on their helmets before the Welsh fought a victorious battle over the Saxons.

#1. (…) Where were the native people of the British Isles made to go by the invading forces?

#2. (:.’.) Which original language is considered to be one of the oldest in the world?

#3. (…) What prominent people can Wales take pride in? .

#4. (…) When did the traditions of «eisteddfod» start to develop?

#5. (…) Since the middle of the twentieth century Welsh has been confined to home use, hasn’t it?

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1) Two thousand years ago English did not exist. A thousand years ago it was a language used by less than two million people. Now it is the most influential language in the world, spoken by more than a billion people on the planet, as their first, second or third language.

2) English currently dominates science, business, the mass media and popular culture. For example, 80% of e-mails on the Internet are in English. 3ut where will English be at the end of the third millennium?

3) One view is that English is going to become even more important as a global lingua franca, dominating the world’s trade and media while most other languages will become localised or just die out.

4) At present, over half the world’s 500 languages are in danger of extinction.

5) Another view is that English is already breaking up, as Latin did, into several separate languages. There are already dictionaries of the ‘New Englishes’, such as Australian English, full of words that a British English speaker would not recognise.

6) Hopefully, neither of these things will happen. Although different varieties of English will continue to develop around the world, standard English will survive for international communication.

7) In addition, the frightening prospect of a culturally uniform work totally dominated by one language is impossible.

8 ) Already other languages are fighting back against the iron grip of English on the Net. Governments around the world are also starting to protect smaller languages and recognise the importance of cultural and linguistic diversity.

9) English will probably stay in control for a long time, at least while the USA remains the top superpower, but it definitely won’t become the only language in the world.

10) Is it possible to predict the destiny of English in the Third Millenium?

#1. (…) Will English ever become the only dominating language used in our universe?

#2. (…) How many people spoke English in 1000 AD.?

#3. (…)Is language uniformity or language richness admitted to be more important for humanity’s cultural survival?

#4. (…) What is the number of languages on the brink of dying out today?

#5. (…) Are variants of English easily recognized and understood by a British English speaker? .

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1) Once upon a time, there was a farmer called Rip Van Winkle. He lived in a village in the mountains with his wife and two young children, a daughter and a son. Rip was a very happy and kind man and he got on very well with oil the children in the village. They loved him because he played games with them and often told them stories while he was sitting outside the ‘King George’, the village inn.

2) He spent a lot of time in the inn because he was, in fact, a very lazy man. Rip was happy to do just enough work to get by. Instead of working on his farm, he would go fishing or hunting, or sit in the village inn talking to his friends. His family was very poor and his wife used to get at him.

3) After arguments with his wife, Rip always went off hunting with his dog, Wolf. One day, after another argument, Rip went further than usual in the woods and came to a beautiful valley, high in the mountains. Suddenly, he heard a strange voice calling his name.

4) An old man, dressed in old-fashioned clothes, was trying to carry, a barrel and asked Rip to help him. Rip agreed. They took the barrel to a cave, where there were more people, all dressed in the same strange clothes. After that, the old man gave Rip a drink from the barrel. Rip immediately fell into a deep sleep.

5) Some time later, he woke up under a tree in the same valley, alone. He was worried about his dog and he knew he was going to get into more trouble with his wife. Then he noticed a curious thing — his hair was over his shoulders and his beard was over a foot long! Rip could not understand what had happened.

6) He decided to get back to the village. As soon as he got there, he realised that everything was different, and there were lots of new houses. The people in the village stared at him with his long hair and beard and old clothes. Rip thought their clothes were strange, and he did not recognise anybody at all.

7) When he got to his house, he saw that it was old and abandoned. He went to the centre of the village and everything there had changed completely.

8 ) The old King George Inn was now called the Union Hotel. Before he went in, he listened at the window. The people were talking about things he hadn’t heard of- the elections, the president, the war.

9) Rip went in and described his wife, family and friends and asked the people where they were. Apparently, his wife had died two years before and all of his friends had either died or left the village. But his children were still there. They pointed to a young man sleeping under a tree. Rip realised it was his son! Then a young woman carrying a baby came towards him. It was his daughter!

10) In the end, Rip went to live with his daughter. He still didn’t get round to doing much work though. He spent his time as before, fishing and hunting and telling stories to children outside the village inn. He told stories about life before the war, how he had met some strange people in the mountains — and how he had gone to sleep for twenty years!

#1. (…) What was his usual way of spending all his spare time which was so much loved by children?

#2. (…) How long did this unbelievably extraordinary sleep last?

#3. (…) Were all the people familiar to him when he came back?

#4. (…) Why did he go to the cave?

#5. (…) What struck him as strange and beyond his understanding when he overheard the people chatting?

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l)On June,l, 1910, Captain Scott left London to begin his Antarctic expedition. On his way, he received a telegram from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen:» I’m going South.» So the race to the South Pole was on!

2) During the polar summer of 1910-11, both teams organised food depots in preparation for their expedition the following year. Then came the total darkness of the polar winter. Scott and Amundsen waited impatiently for the first signs of spring.

3) Amundsen was the first to leave, on October, 15, 1911. He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis. Because of this, he , made rapid progress.

4) Scott left on November, 1 and soon had problems. First, two motor sledges broke down, and then the ponies began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold. After a while, Scott and his men had to push the sledges themselves.

5) Amundsen reached the Pole on December, 14 and put Norwegian flag there. Then he prepared for the return journey.

6) Scott finally arrived at the Pole with four companions on January, 17. They were devastated when they saw the Norwegian flag.

7) The return journey was one of the worst in the history of exploration. The men were soon exhausted and were running out of food. The weather conditions were terrible. Scott started to realise their desperate situation.

8 ) Despite this, on their way back they found time to look for rocks and fossils. They carried 20 kilos of rocks all the way with them. Later, these rocks proved that at one time in the distant past Antarctica was covered by plants. However, disaster soon struck. Edgar Evans had terrible frostbite and died after a bad fall. The next to go was Captain Gates, who was having great difficulty walking. Scott recorded his death.

9) Scott and two companions carried on and got within eleven miles of one of their food depots. But then a terrible storm started and they could not leave their tent. Scott spent some of his last hours writing. He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife Kathleen. Scott’s final diary entry told the story of their tragic end.

10) The news of Scott’s death shocked the world. He had failed to win the race to the Pole, but the remarkable courage shown by Captain Scott and his men made them into heroes.

#1.(…) Who between the two world famous explorers reached the Pole first?

#2. (…) Which Pole did they race to?

#3. (…)When did they prepare intensively to go on their research expeditions?

#4. (…) What was the most desperate journey in the history of Pole exploration?

#5. (…) Why did Captain Scott and his men become known as heroic people despite their Failure in winning the race to the Pole?